Отправлено: 18.05.22 16:06. Заголовок: Fauna of North America

I decided to open a topic for this continent, since it was the only one that remained without one in the foreign section.
I was thinking about the possibility of the snakehead fish and the peacock bass, both introduced species in the USA, surviving in the Neocene. Does it seems plausible? Another animal that could live here is a descendant of the house sparrow. It was also introduced here.

 Отправлено: 18.05.22 19:30. Заголовок: JOrnitho Thanks for..

JOrnitho
Thanks for the topic!
And good ideas!

 Отправлено: 19.05.22 03:17. Заголовок: I wonder if the desc..

I wonder if the descendants of the peacock bass could evolve to resist low temperatures and expand North from Florida.

 Отправлено: 19.05.22 12:04. Заголовок: JOrnitho support lo..

JOrnitho

цитата:

support low temperatures

You mean "resist"? Seems not very plausible...

 Отправлено: 19.05.22 14:14. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: You m..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

You mean "resist"? Seems not very plausible...

Yes, resist. Then these fish will be restricted to Florida Peninsula and more warm areas.

 Отправлено: 19.05.22 19:33. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK...

JOrnitho
OK.

 Отправлено: 03.08.22 17:27. Заголовок: We already talked ab..

We already talked about it before, but I was reading more about the situation of the red-crowned amazon (Amazona viridigenalis) in California and thought that they really have great chances of surviving on this region. In Los Angeles, their population is becoming larger than that in their natural habitat in Mexico. Maybe they could leave descendants in this region, perhaps these Neocenic birds could have the genes of other feral Amazonas of the region: lilac-crowned parrot (Amazona finschi) and yellow crowned parrot (Amazona ochrocephala). It would be the result of hybridization. These birds could stay in the forests of the Pacific coast during summer and migrate to Mexico during winter.

 Отправлено: 03.08.22 18:03. Заголовок: JOrnitho Thanks for..

JOrnitho
Thanks for the topic.
Yes, the survival of amazons in California (continental, not island) is a good idea! But hybridization is quite unlikely because in holocene the red-crowned amazon in California seems to lack overlappings with the other two you mentioned in order for a stable hybrid to emerge.

 Отправлено: 03.08.22 18:46. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: Yes, ..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

Yes, the survival of amazons in California (continental, not island) is a good idea! But hybridization is quite unlikely because in holocene the red-crowned amazon in California seems to lack overlappings with the other two you mentioned in order for a stable hybrid to emerge.

I see. Then, I think that the red-crowned amazon can be the only ancestor of these birds.

 Отправлено: 03.08.22 19:34. Заголовок: JOrnitho Yes, why n..

JOrnitho
Yes, why not.

 Отправлено: 03.08.22 20:52. Заголовок: I was also thinking ..

I was also thinking that this bird could be migratory, flying to California Island and Pacific coast of Mexico during winter. Their summer range would be the forests and woodlands of what once was California, from North to South.

 Отправлено: 04.08.22 00:19. Заголовок: I made the descripti..

I made the description of the parrot. What do you think?

Lilac-faced parrot (Amazona migratoria)
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Habitat: Forests and woodlands of the region that once was the American state of California, migrating to California Island and the Pacific slopes of Mexico.
During the Holocene, the man introduced many species to other continents. Some only because of their ornamental value, while others were introduced because they were useful for agriculture. However, most introductions were those of animals used as pets. The psicittacids were among those that were most introduced, being spread across several continents. The red-crowned parrot (Amazona viridigenalis) was a species that lived in northeastern Mexico and southern Texas. In their natural range, the species was suffering with human pressure and their population decreased. However, some of these birds escaped from their owners and became feral in California. This population grew and thrived, leaving descendants in the Neocene.
The lilac-faced parrot is their descendant, one of the last few representatives of the genus Amazona in the Neocene. These birds are endemic to the forests and woodlands of the region that once was the American state of California. During the winter, these birds migrate to the forests of California Island and of the Pacific slopes of Mexico.
They have 43 cm of length and a wingspan of 86 cm. These birds also have rounded tails and wings. Their plumage is mostly green with the most notable features being a bright red forehead and crown, with blue-lilac faces. Their beak and legs are dark gray.
Their diet consists of seeds, nuts, fruits, flowers and nectar. The lilac-faced parrot has a great preference for pines and the fruits of the oaks. They hold the food with their legs and use their strong beak to break the hard shell.
The lilac-faced parrots are gregarious and monogamous. The pairs will be seen flying close to each other in the flocks that can have 20 to 40 individuals. During their migration, such flocks can have hundreds of birds. When flying to their wintering grounds, the male and female will constantly vocalize to each other. They start to breed in the middle of spring. The female lays 3 to 5 white eggs that can be laid with an interval of three to four days. Females are responsible for the entire incubation period of 28 days, and only leave the nest for short feeding periods. Fledging begins at nine weeks old. Their nests are made inside tree cavities near other members of their flock, creating a breeding colony. They will return to the same cavity every year to raise chicks unless that cavity was previously attacked or they did not have reproductive success there for a different reason. While rare, intraspecific fights can happen if they find the hole already occupied by other parrots. The chicks leave the nest after 60 days, but remain close to their parents during the first migration. Sexual maturity is reached with 5 years and they have a lifespan of 34 years.

 Отправлено: 04.08.22 11:21. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK, good o..

JOrnitho
OK, good one.

 Отправлено: 15.08.22 13:46. Заголовок: With the climate bei..

With the climate being warmer in the Neocene, do you think that the eared quetzal (Euptilotis neoxenus) could spread to other areas of North America? Their descendants could live in the Mexican Plateau, Florida and a migratory living in Apalachia.

 Отправлено: 15.08.22 14:39. Заголовок: JOrnitho Quite poss..

JOrnitho
Quite possible, but the trogons (quetzals) in this case are quite likely to loose their colorful plumage.

 Отправлено: 15.08.22 15:44. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: Quite..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

Quite possible, but the trogons (quetzals) in this case are quite likely to loose their colorful plumage.

Yes. While I believe that the Mexican species and the one in Florida can still be a bit colorful, the one in Apalachia would be pale, with any red being replaced by reddish-brown.

 Отправлено: 15.08.22 18:20. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK, I agre..

JOrnitho
OK, I agree.

 Отправлено: 16.08.22 21:14. Заголовок: I finished the descr..

I finished the description of the North American trogon. Do you think that the migratory species could appear in the migration chapter that is being planet? It also cross the Florida Peninsula to reach Great Antigua and close islands.

Appalachian quetzal (Americotrogon appalachiensis)
Order: Trogoniformes
Family: Trogonidae
Habitat: Forest and woodlands of the Appalachian mountains, migrating to Great Antigua and other Caribbean Islands during the winter.
The human actions during the Holocene caused the decline of many species. However the species that were resilient enough survived, with their descendants now living in the Neocene. The eared quetzal (Euptilotis neoxenus), had not only survived the anthropogenic onslaught, but also expanded their distribution to the North. There this species gave rise to a new Genus, the Americotrogon. The Appalachian quetzal is its type species. An inhabitant of the forest and woodlands of the Appalachian mountains, this bird migrates to Great Antigua and other Caribbean Islands during the winter.

The Appalachian quetzal has 36 cm of length, with a wingspan of 64 cm. Both sexes have dark green backs and reddish brown heads, neck and chest. These birds have iridescent dark blue central tail feathers, and outer tail feathers that are predominantly white. The males have iridescent green feathers in their wing coverts, while the females lack such feathers. The bill is dull gray with a slightly darker band at the tip. Adults males have pale red lower bellies, the females only have some patches of this color in this part of their body. The bill is dull gray with a slightly darker band at the tip, the legs are pale gray.

They feed on insects, small vertebrates, and fruit. Caterpillars, moths, katydids, cicadas, small lizards, and other prey are fed to the young. Like other trogons, they often pluck prey and fruit while hovering. Vertebrates and invertebrates are more hunted when they need to feed their chicks.

Appalachian quetzals are territorial and monogamous. Males will repel other members of the same species and even other hole-nesting species from around their nesting sites. These birds nest in the beginning of the spring, as soon as they return from migration. Males attract females by singing.Like other trogons, they are cavity nesters. Nests are dug with their beaks, into rotting wood or in the soft ground of cliffs. Nest digging is undertaken by the male alone. In the case of nests dug into tree trunks, the wood must be strong enough not to collapse but soft enough to dig out. When seeking a place to make the nest, the male will land on dead tree trunks and slap the wood with their tails, test the firmness.

The nests are usually unlined. Between two and four eggs are laid by the female. These are round and lightly green. Both parents incubate the eggs, with the male taking one long incubation stint a day and the female incubating the rest of the time. The Incubation begins after the last egg is laid. The incubation usually lasts between 16–19 days. On hatching the chicks are altricial, blind and naked. The chicks acquire feathers rapidly, usually in a week. They take 25 days to fledge. The young will follow their parents during the migration, but will return alone. This species don’t form flocks during the migration, with the only groups being that formed by pairs and their chicks. They reach sexual maturity with 2 years and their lifespam is of 21 years.

Another representative of the Genus Americotrogon is the Florida quetzal (Americotrogon flaviventer), an inhabitant of the forests and wooded swamps of the Florida Peninsula. They have 33 cm of length and 58 cm of wingspan. Both sexes have dark green backs and iridescent dark blue tail feathers. The males have bright yellow heads, chests and bellies. In the females these parts of their body are pale yellow. This species isn’t migratory.

 Отправлено: 17.08.22 09:40. Заголовок: JOrnitho The bird i..

JOrnitho
The bird is good!

цитата:

the migration chapter that is being planet?

I do not quite understand. You mean the migration is across the whole planet? Like skuas or petrels? But what for?

 Отправлено: 17.08.22 14:35. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: I do ..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

I do not quite understand. You mean the migration is across the whole planet? Like skuas or petrels? But what for?

I mean, I was asking if it could appear in the chapter about the migration of the hummingbird, since this trogon uses a similar route to reach the Antiles and Great Antigua during the winter. I ended typing wrong. It was planed, not planet. Sorry for that.

 Отправлено: 17.08.22 15:00. Заголовок: JOrnitho It's O..

JOrnitho
It's OK, don't worry. Yes, sure, it can be mentioned/described along with the hummingbird.

 Отправлено: 31.08.22 18:02. Заголовок: I was reading an art..

I was reading an article about how introduced pin-tailed whydah were thriving in California by parasiting nests of munias that were also introduced. It made me think if these two species could have descendants in the Neocene that also continued with this extraspecific relationship. Do you think that it could happen?

 Отправлено: 31.08.22 19:03. Заголовок: JOrnitho Yes, why n..

JOrnitho
Yes, why not.

 Отправлено: 14.09.22 17:39. Заголовок: I was reading how so..

I was reading how some species of Old World quails are migratory and it made me think if a new genus of migratory Galliformes could appear in North America. Perhaps the Ice Age could have influenced some of these birds to fly to the Mexican Plateau, with this becoming a seasonal practice of their descendants in the Neocene.

 Отправлено: 14.09.22 19:13. Заголовок: JOrnitho Good ideas..

JOrnitho
Good ideas! But what about a large flightless quail? Or poorly flying and migrating on foot, like rails.

 Отправлено: 14.09.22 23:13. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: But w..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

But what about a large flightless quail? Or poorly flying and migrating on foot, like rails.

These are really good idea. Maybe this quail could have a migration in the two ways, by flying and walking. A flightless quail would need to live in a place without terrestrial predators.

 Отправлено: 15.09.22 15:24. Заголовок: JOrnitho Maybe this..

JOrnitho

цитата:

Maybe this quail could have a migration in the two ways, by flying and walking.

Quite so.

цитата:

A flightless quail would need to live in a place without terrestrial predators.

Yes, but it can retain the flight ability, only using to escape a danger. It can hide and disguise itself in the grass or bushes to stay invisible to the enemies.

 Отправлено: 15.09.22 16:19. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: Yes, ..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

Yes, but it can retain the flight ability, only using to escape a danger. It can hide and disguise itself in the grass or bushes to stay invisible to the enemies.

I think that in this case it could be like a tinamou, a bird with a poor ability to fly.
Regarding the migratorious galliforme, I was thinking that it could be close related to the grouses of the Holocene. It would spend the summer in subartic regions, migrating to Mexico in the winter. What do you think?

 Отправлено: 16.09.22 10:22. Заголовок: JOrnitho Yes, quite..

JOrnitho
Yes, quite a good idea. Only I thought it would be like a poorly flying rail. But a tinamou-like bird is also OK.

 Отправлено: 16.09.22 15:40. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: Only ..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

Only I thought it would be like a poorly flying rail. But a tinamou-like bird is also OK.

I said a tinamou because they have a similar lifestyle to the Galliformes.

 Отправлено: 16.09.22 18:30. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK, I agre..

JOrnitho
OK, I agree. No problem.

 Отправлено: 24.09.22 15:54. Заголовок: I'm working in t..

I'm working in the migratory Galliforme, but I can’t think in a good name for it. Do you have any suggestions? It would be close related to the grouses.

 Отправлено: 25.09.22 14:18. Заголовок: JOrnitho But what i..

JOrnitho
But what is the ancestor exactly?

 Отправлено: 25.09.22 15:41. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: But w..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

But what is the ancestor exactly?

I thought that it could be the Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus).

 Отправлено: 25.09.22 17:48. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK. So, ma..

JOrnitho
OK. So, maybe, Neobonasa migratoria?

 Отправлено: 26.09.22 00:38. Заголовок: Биолог пишет: OK. S..

Биолог пишет:

цитата:

OK. So, maybe, Neobonasa migratoria?

I think that it's a good name. It could be the migratory grouse.

 Отправлено: 26.09.22 10:42. Заголовок: JOrnitho OK, I agre..

JOrnitho
OK, I agree.

 Отправлено: 01.10.22 16:05. Заголовок: I finished the descr..

I finished the description of the migratory grouse.

Migratory grouse (Neobonasa migratoria)
Order: Galliformes
Family: Phasianidae
Habitat: Forests and woodlands from the Appalachian Mountains across Canada to Beringia, migrating to the Mexican Plateau during winter.
The Ice Age during the end of the Holocene led many species to adapt to survive. Some developed migratory habits, moving to the South so they could escape the cold weather. The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) was one of these species, with its descendant in the Neocene, the migratory grouse, becoming a fully migratory bird. During the summer, this bird forests and woodlands from the Appalachian Mountains across Canada to Beringia. During the winter, these birds migrate to the Mexican Plateau.

The migratory grouse are relatively slender, medium-sized birds that measure from 40 to 50 cm in length and span 80–100 cm across their strong wings. The head, neck, and back are grey-brown; the breast is light with barring. There is much white on the underside and flanks. Overall, the birds have a variegated appearance; the throat is often distinctly lighter. The tail is essentially the same brownish grey, with regular barring and a broad black band near the end. The ruffs are on the sides of the neck in both sexes. They also have a crest on top of their head, which sometimes lies flat. Both sexes are similarly marked and sized, making them difficult to tell apart, even in hand. The female often has a broken subterminal tail band. At the same time, males tend to have unbroken tail bands, though the opposite of either can occur. Females may also do a display similar to the male. Another fairly accurate sign is that during the displays, the males will inflate their throat, revealing a bright red patch of skin.

Like most grouse, they spend most of their time on the ground; mixed woodland rich in aspen seems to be particularly well-liked. These birds forage on the ground or in trees. They are omnivores, eating buds, leaves, berries, seeds, and insects.

These birds are polygynous, and males may mate with several females during the breeding season. The migratory grouse relies mostly entirely on a non-vocal acoustic display, known as drumming, unlike other grouse species. The drumming itself is a rapid, wing-beating display that creates a low-frequency sound, starting slow and speeding up. The male will also inflate their throats during the ritual. Hens build nests and lay and incubate their eggs under the cover of brushes. The hen uses grass and forbs between patches of brushes for additional cover. During incubation, female migratory grouse undertake recesses, where they leave the nest to undertake self-maintenance activities, thought these recess activities are typically within 250 m of the nest. They lay four to six eggs that are incubated for 21 days. Chicks can walk as soon as they are hatched and are able to fly short distances within two weeks. Within five weeks they are able to fly longer distances.
They spend most of their time quietly on the ground, and when surprised, may explode into flight, beating its wings very loudly. During the autumn, the migratory grouse will fly to the South. Their migration will happen both by flight and walking. These birds use long patches of grass in the prairies regions that they cross to hide their terrestrial movements from predators. The average lifespan of a migratory grouse is one year, although some birds can live for eleven years.

 Отправлено: 01.10.22 19:14. Заголовок: JOrnitho Very good ..

JOrnitho
Very good one! Thanks!

 Отправлено: 22.02.23 16:24. Заголовок: I had an idea for a ..

I had an idea for a descendant of rodents of the genus Zapus that evolved to be fast and run through the grasslands. They are adapted for speed because they are hunted by the jumping shrews. It would be interesting to see a predator-prey relationship with so small animals.

 Отправлено: 23.02.23 14:43. Заголовок: I made the descripti..

I made the description for a small jumping rodent.

Grassland jumping mouse (Halmazapus rufescens)
Order: Rodentia
Family: Halmazapodidae
Habitat: Plains and grasslands of Central North America
The interactions between predator and prey are an important factor in evolution. When one develops a characteristic that gives them the upperhand, the other will be pressured to overcome it with a characteristic of their own. Even with the arrival of the Neocene, such evolutionary mechanisms continued to exist. An example is the appearance of the genus Halmazapus in North America. These rodents are direct descendants of the North American jumping mouse (Zapodidae), but their jumping ability surpasses that of their ancestors, getting closer to that of a jerboa. This happened due to the appearance of faster predators: the jumping shrew (Saltasoricidae).

To escape these new predators, the jumping mice had developed far more specialized hind feet than that of their ancestors. The hind feet have three toes, the central three metatarsal bones having fused to form a single structure, similar to jerboa. However, different from them, the Halmazapus jumping mice are capable of sustaining hopping over long periods of time.

The type species of this genus is the grassland jumping mouse, an inhabitant of the Great Plains. It's a small rodent, with a body length ranging from 12 to 16 cm and with a tail measuring between 18 and 20 cm. The tail is used to balance when hopping, and as a prop when sitting upright. The fore limbs are short and are useless for locomotion, being only used to hold food. The pelage of this animal is short, and with somewhat dense, coarse hair. The color of the pelage is reddish-brown, with a thin dorsal black strip. The underbody is white. The tail is bicolored, showing a darker color from above and a lighter color below. It is lightly covered with hair, which gets longer as it approaches the tip, and different from their ancestors does form a small dark brown bushy in the tip. The head is small, and narrow. The nose is short, yet it is pointy, and the eyes are relatively big.

The food preference of the grassland jumping mouse consists of seeds, but they also eat berries, fruit and insects. Usually right after emerging from hibernation they will eat the larvae of insects such as butterflies, and beetles.

These rodents are crepuscular, leaving their dens during dawn and dusk. They live in groups of at least 60 individuals that share the same den. When foraging, the group would split into smaller ones. While feeding, these rodents will stay watching their surroundings. Given their small size, the mice are prey of several different predators such as large birds, serpents and larger mammals. However, their nemesis is the jumping shrew (Saltasoricidae). These small predators are fast and capable of hunting down the rodents. To alert the group, the mice will produce several whistling vocalizations and raise their tail.

The grassland jumping mouse shares the Great Plains with the striped jumping shrew. When one of these shrews is hunting a pack of grassland jumping mice, it’s as if a cheetah is hunting antelopes in the Holocene, but in this case in miniature. To escape, the rodents are capable of maintaining their jumps for a long time, but they also use sharp turns and great vertical leaps to confuse predators.

Their hibernation begins during the middle of autumn, the moment of entering hibernation there is a decrease in metabolism. Hibernation lasts until about early spring, with males emerging slightly earlier than females. From the time that the mice goes into hibernation to the time it comes out there is a significant amount of weight loss. When the male emerges from hibernation it starts feeding and is immediately reproductively active. Once the female emerges, which is only a short time after the males, they begin mating, and only about two weeks after emergence all the females are pregnant and gestation begins. Gestation lasts about eighteen days, although this can be a bit longer if the female is still nursing her previous litter. The average litter size is of 5 young, but can range anywhere from two to nine young. The jumping mouse is capable of having two to three litters per year. The young are weaned and fully independent within twenty-eight to thirty-three days. They reach sexual maturity with two months, but most will only reproduce after hibernation. They have a lifespan of four years, but many are killed by predators early.

The Pacific jumping mouse (Halmazapus fuscus) is another representative of the genus. Inhabiting the forests of the Pacific coast of North America. Like their relatives, it's a small rodent, with a body length ranging from 13 to 17 cm and with a tail measuring between 19 and 21 cm. The color of the pelage is slate gray, with white underparts. The tuft in their tail is light gray. The Mexican jumping mouse (Halmazapus mexicanus) is an inhabitant of the Mexican Plateau. They have a body length ranging from 12 to 15 cm and with a tail measuring between 19 and 21 cm. The color of the pelage is light brown, with white underparts. The tuft in their tail is dark gray.

 Отправлено: 23.02.23 15:34. Заголовок: Interesting rodent!..

Interesting rodent!

 Отправлено: 23.02.23 20:12. Заголовок: Interesting rodent!..

Interesting rodent!

 Отправлено: 27.02.23 18:05. Заголовок: Another rodent for N..

Another rodent for North America

Marsh pouched rat (Nectocricetomys mississippiensis)
Order: Rodentia
Family: Nesomyidae
Habitat: Mississipi Delta, swamps and salt marshes
During their expansion, the humans had introduced several different species, sometimes inadvertently and others in proposital way. The Gambian pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus) was released in Florida and started to reproduce in the region. They survived and spread to other regions. In the Neocene the marsh pouched rat appeared, a direct descendant. It occurs in wetland habitats, such as swamps and salt marshes of the Mississipi Delta.

The marsh pouched rat is a large rodent, reaching up to 90 cm, including the dark gray tail, which makes up half of its total length. The upperparts of their fur is dark brown, while the underside is yellowish-white. Like their ancestors, this species have a well developed cheek pouch, which is used to take food back to their dens. Their hindfeet have well developed webs, which help them move through the water. They have very poor eyesight, depending on their senses of smell and hearing.

This species is omnivorous, feeding on vegetables, insects, crabs, snails, and other items, but have preference for palm fruits and palm kernels. Their cheek pouches allow them to gather up several kilograms of nuts per night for storage underground.

The marsh pouched rat is solitary, males are territorial and tend to be aggressive when they encounter one another. They make burrows in areas that aren’t flooded, but that aren’t distant from the water. The burrow consists of a long passage with side alleys and several chambers, one for sleeping and the others for storage. The marsh pouched rat reaches sexual maturity at 7 months of age. Females are capable of producing up to 10 litters yearly. Gestation is 27 days. It has up to four litters every nine months, with up to six offspring in each litter. They have a lifespan of 4 years.

A close representative species is the Florida pouched rat (Nectocricetomys floridianus), an inhabitant of the subtropical forests and wetlands of the Florida Peninsula. Like their close relative, this species is also a large rodent, reaching up to 85 cm. Their slaty gray tail makes up half of its total length. The upperparts of their fur is black, while the underside is white.

 Отправлено: 27.02.23 20:08. Заголовок: Interesting! But wil..

Interesting! But will its ancestors be able to survive the Dixonian glaciation?

 Отправлено: 27.02.23 20:15. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: Flo..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Florida Peninsula, swamps and salt marshes

I think, it is easy for this one to settle to the west, to Mississippi delta.

 Отправлено: 27.02.23 21:18. Заголовок: Автор пишет: I thin..

Автор пишет:

цитата:

I think, it is easy for this one to settle to the west, to Mississippi delta.

Why do you think that it would be the case? Would such habitats fit better in the Mississipi?

 Отправлено: 27.02.23 21:51. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: Wou..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Would such habitats fit better in the Mississipi?

I just think there are no natural obstacles for settling of this rodent farther to the west, and in Mississippi delta it would find the habitual place for life.

 Отправлено: 28.02.23 01:25. Заголовок: Автор пишет: I just..

Автор пишет:

цитата:

I just think there are no natural obstacles for settling of this rodent farther to the west, and in Mississippi delta it would find the habitual place for life.

In this case, do you think that could be possible to have two species? One inhabiting the Mississipi and the other Florida.

 Отправлено: 28.02.23 10:07. Заголовок: I am still not sure ..

I am still not sure if it survives the glaciation.

 Отправлено: 28.02.23 13:20. Заголовок: медведь пишет: I a..

медведь пишет:

цитата:

I am still not sure if it survives the glaciation.

Would Florida be too much affected by the glaciation?

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 19:03. Заголовок: Moving the bestiary ..

Moving the bestiary for the Microwolves chapter of Panama to the North America section.

1. Scotinomys teguina - singing rats - our main heroes: howling microwolfs.
2. Scotinomys xerampelinus - there main rivals - they are bigger and more agressive, but they have smaller microwolf packs (they will be like Canis lupus occidentalis in the world of microwolfs).
3. Nephelomys albigularis - this rodent is omnivorous and can be like a microbear
4. Rheomys raptor - semiaqutical predatory rodent (maybe a water shrew or tiny otter)


Main predators that can hunt on microwolfs:
5.Mustela frenata
6.Falco rufigularis
7.Glaucidium griseiceps - crossing out, i think it is enough one prey bird it he chapter
8.Spilotes pullatus (tiger rat snake) - Tiger rat snakes are solitary quite aggressive snakes that spend most of their life in trees; however, they can hunt in mangrove forest, tropical and subtropical dry broad-leaved forests, wet tropical forests, tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas and shrubs. They are also very good swimmers. Tiger rat snakes are diurnal creatures that hunt by day actively searching for their prey: amphibians, small mammals and birds. This is an egg-laying snake. The female lays 15-25 eggs.

Big prey of microwolfs:
9.Sylvilagus brasiliensis - unfortunately, we decided to remove this animal from the chapter
10.Orthogeomys cavator (maybe could form mounds in the ground that protect the entrance of their tunnels like tiny fortress)
11.Marmosa mexicana (they can live not only on trees, but also in holes on the ground)
12. Colinus cristatus

Main prey of microwolves:
13.Zygodontomys brevicauda - will be "herd" animal (maybe this one could be a tiny bear or a tiny panda, feeding mostly of green grass and occasional insect)
14.Transandinomys talamancae - will be "herd" animal (could live in herds and move like a rabbit)
15.Peromyscus mexicanus - will be "herd" animal (could live in groups like the guinea pig and maybe have tiny horns like the Ceratogaulus)
16.Reithrodontomys sumichrasti
17.Reithrodontomys mexicanus - (nocturnal scansorial and acrobatic species, in the ground the microwolves will catch them)
18.Reithrodontomys creper
19.Handleyomys alfaroi
20.Transandinomys bolivaris
21.Sigmodon hirsutus
22.Heteromys desmarestianus - may become more spiny (can be a tiny porcupine)
23. Oligoryzomys fulvescens (mole like rodents feeding of roots and seeds. Opportunistics, they could use the protection of the tunnels made by the Orthogeomys)


periodical prey
23.Microsciurus alfari subsp. browni (can be preyed in the periods when is looking for food on the land) (can be the diurnal counterpart of the Reithrodontomys)
24.Oryzomys couesi - semiaquatical and omnivorous, it will be interesting hunting on it in shores and water (a semi-aquatic herbivorous species, like a tiny nutria. It could make nests with twigs and grass near water)
25.Cryptotis nigrescens - we probably have to refuse the participation of this animal in the chapter

Other prey
Lizards
26.Lepidodactylus lugubris
Frogs
27.Lithobates vaillanti
28.Dendropsophus ebraccatus (microwolfs will be hunting on them in period of reproduction and eat frogspawn)

Invertebrates
29.Gecarcinus quadratus
30.Megasoma elephas
31.Stilpnochlora azteca or Eneoptera surinamensis - better live only one of them
32.Blaberus giganteus
33. Limax maximus - invasive in a lot of countries of Latin America (may live in North Panama in Neocene)

We should choose whom we live in chapter, who should be thrown away.
The biggest bestiary in one of the chapters: 19 species

Where will the events of the chapter take place?
I propose this territory: at the intersection of savanna, chaparral, evergreen forest and swamp (and mangrove forest) at the mouth of the San Pablo River.
Скрытый текст

circled in red

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 19:08. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: wov..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

wovoka пишет:  цитата: 1. Scotinomys teguina - singing rats - our main heroes: howling microwolfs. 2. Scotinomys xerampelinus - there main rivals - they are bigger and more agressive, but they have smaller microwolf packs (they will be like Canis lupus occidentalis in the world of microwolfs). 3. Nephelomys albigularis - this rodent is omnivorous and can be like a microbear 4. Rheomys raptor - semiaqutical predatory rodent The descendant of the Oligoryzomys fulvescens could be like a mole, or like the Blarinomys of South America. It could be a prey of the microwolves, hunted when they leave its holes. wovoka пишет:  цитата: Main predators that can hunt on microwolfs: 5.Mustela frenata 6.Falco rufigularis 7.Glaucidium griseiceps 8.Spilotes pullatus (tiger rat snake) - Tiger rat snakes are solitary quite aggressive snakes that spend most of their life in trees; however, they can hunt in mangrove forest, tropical and subtropical dry broad-leaved forests, wet tropical forests, tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas and shrubs. They are also very good swimmers. Tiger rat snakes are diurnal creatures that hunt by day actively searching for their prey: amphibians, small mammals and birds. This is an egg-laying snake. The female lays 15-25 eggs. I think that we could have these three predators. wovoka пишет:  цитата: Big prey of microwolfs: 9.Sylvilagus brasiliensis 10.Orthogeomys cavator 11.Marmosa mexicana (they can live not only on trees, but also in holes on the ground) 12. Colinus cristatus Maybe we could discard the Sylvilagus? It's too large for the rats to hunt. Colinus' s chicks and eggs can be the ones preyed. wovoka пишет:  цитата: Main prey of microwolves: 13.Zygodontomys brevicauda - will be "herd" animal 14.Transandinomys talamancae - will be "herd" animal 15.Peromyscus mexicanus - will be "herd" animal 16.Reithrodontomys sumichrasti 17.Reithrodontomys mexicanus 18.Reithrodontomys creper 19.Handleyomys alfaroi 20.Transandinomys bolivaris 21.Sigmodon hirsutus 22.Heteromys desmarestianus - may become more spiny If we replace the Sylvilagus, maybe we could have one of these "herd" rodents being like a tiny rabbit? wovoka пишет:  цитата: Where will the events of the chapter take place? I propose this territory: at the intersection of savanna, chaparral, evergreen forest and swamp at the mouth of the San Pablo River. I like it! The presence of the swamp allow us to explore the semi-aquatic animals in the chapter.

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 19:31. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: Th..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

The descendant of the Oligoryzomys fulvescens could be like a mole, or like the Blarinomys of South America. It could be a prey of the microwolves, hunted when they leave its holes.

Good idea!

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

I think that we could have these three predators.

I left three predators, crossed out the owl.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Maybe we could discard the Sylvilagus? It's too large for the rats to hunt.

цитата:

Some red squirrels (genus Tamiasciurus) and Sciurus species of temperate climates will stalk, kill, and eat other squirrels, mice, and adult birds and rabbits for food

So microwolves also can eat rabbits, at least young rabbits. And it will be interesting part of the chapter. But ok, we need to shorten the list of animals in chapter.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Colinus' s chicks and eggs can be the ones preyed.

Colinus is not so big bird, the pack of microwolves can easily kill and eat it.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

If we replace the Sylvilagus, maybe we could have one of these "herd" rodents being like a tiny rabbit?

Ok!

Peromyscus mexicanus (Mexican deer mouse) - may be if it is "deer mouse" we can make for it little horns

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

I like it! The presence of the swamp allow us to explore the semi-aquatic animals in the chapter.

Not only swamps, don't forget it is a San Pablo river near.

And look at this map, there are a lot of little rivers around:
Скрытый текст

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 19:34. Заголовок: Peromyscus mexicanus..

цитата:

Peromyscus mexicanus (Mexican deer mouse) - may be if it is "deer mouse" we can make for it little horns

Like Ceratogaulus?

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 20:07. Заголовок: wovoka пишет: Perom..

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

Peromyscus mexicanus (Mexican deer mouse) - may be if it is "deer mouse" we can make for it little horns

Funny enough, Chinese scientists are already doing it: https://www.zmescience.com/science/chinese-scientists-grow-mini-antlers-on-mice/
However, in our case I think that it would be a Ceratogaulus appearance, like how медведь said. Perhaps it's a defense against the microwolves?

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

Not only swamps, don't forget it is a San Pablo river near. And look at this map, there are a lot of little rivers around:

Many areas for aquatic animals. The astrapotherium-like peccary could live here. Imagine the impact left behind by a herd of such large animals in the territory of a microwolf.

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 20:14. Заголовок: Interesting duscussi..

Interesting duscussionn!
And also I'll describe "crocodile" and "hippo" for Mexico.

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 22:59. Заголовок: медведь пишет: Like..

медведь пишет:

цитата:

Like Ceratogaulus?

Yes, but more quick and graceful.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Chinese scientists are already doing it

Cool!

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Many areas for aquatic animals.

As I understand this rivers are not very big. Better say rivulets. They are big for microwolves but for astrapotherium-like peccary they are too small.

лягушка пишет:

цитата:

And also I'll describe "crocodile" and "hippo" for Mexico.

Here the list of biggest Mexico rivers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_longest_rivers_of_Mexico were you can settle them.
Who will be the ancestors?

 Отправлено: 29.03.23 23:28. Заголовок: JOrnitho, we should ..

JOrnitho, we should choose whom we are crossing out from the bestiary of the chapter of microwolves.
I have checked: maximum in the chapter were 19 species, and we have 32 species.

May be first of all we should shorten the list of rodents hunted by microwolves? Let's live at least five, which are now the most common and spread species and about which enough information can be found to describe their descendants. As a rodentologist, this will be the easiest for you to do.

 Отправлено: 30.03.23 01:29. Заголовок: wovoka пишет: As I ..

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

As I understand this rivers are not very big. Better say rivulets. They are big for microwolves but for astrapotherium-like peccary they are too small.

Then, couldn't we have another large animal in the region? The interaction of the microwolves with their habitat modified by the passage of large animals could be interesting for the chapter.

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

May be first of all we should shorten the list of rodents hunted by microwolves? Let's live at least five, which are now the most common and spread species and about which enough information can be found to describe their descendants. As a rodentologist, this will be the easiest for you to do.

I'll do that after I finish with the descriptions of the Maracaibo Gulf.

 Отправлено: 30.03.23 07:58. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: ast..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

astrapotherium-like peccary

They could live in evergreen tropical forest on the shores of Atlantic ocean, and periodically, after rain period, came to savanna and chaparral region to eat high fresh grass and leafes of bushes. And eat berries of Muntingia calabura.

The wicrowolves can eat Lumbricus terrestris on drying manure of astrapotherium-like peccary

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 04:48. Заголовок: wokova Reading about..

wokova
Reading about the Myotis vivesi made me think of the oceanic bat.

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 11:33. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: Rea..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Reading about the Myotis vivesi made me think of the oceanic bat.

Tnak you, I'll need this information!

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 12:43. Заголовок: wowoka Barracuda an..

wowoka
Barracuda and lanternfish are exctinct because of planktonic disaster; euphausiids may also be affected. So you need to use convergent livebearers from "pirates of caribbean" chapter - pike livebearer and spear-mouth as barracuda and my "salinopoecilia affinis" as schooling fishes.

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 14:44. Заголовок: лягушка пишет: my &..

лягушка пишет:

цитата:

my "salinopoecilia affinis" as schooling fishes.

Would be possible for one of these new schooling fish to develop bioluminescence? Perhaps to communicate with each other wile they are in deep areas and later at night, when they come to close to the surface.

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 16:14. Заголовок: JOrnitho I don'..

JOrnitho
I don't think so, because bioluminescence is mainly deep sea animal feature, in upper layers of sea column other ways to communicate and hunt ate avaliable. But it can be some types of squid that lives in caribbean and uses bioluminescence to communicate.

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 16:20. Заголовок: лягушка пишет: But ..

лягушка пишет:

цитата:

But it can be some types of squid that lives in caribbean and uses bioluminescence to communicate.

Perhaps a tiny schooling squid? It could partially fill the niche of lanternfishes.

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 16:28. Заголовок: JOrnitho Yes, it..

JOrnitho
Yes, it's good idea!

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 19:39. Заголовок: wokova I "filter..

wokova
I "filtered" the species of rodents that can appear in the chapter besides Scotinomys teguina and Scotinomys xerampelinus.

Rheomys raptor (maybe a water shrew or tiny otter)
Zygodontomys brevicauda (maybe this one could be a tiny bear or a tiny panda, feeding mostly of green grass and occasional insect)
Transandinomys talamanca (could live in herds and move like a rabbit)
Peromyscus mexicanus (could live in groups like the guinea pig and maybe have tiny horns like the Ceratogaulus)
Orthogeomys cavator (maybe could form mounds in the ground that protect the entrance of their tunnels like tiny fortress)
Oligoryzomys fulvescens (mole like rodents feeding of roots and seeds. Opportunistics, they could use the protection of the tunnels made by the Orthogeomys)
Reithrodontomys mexicanus (nocturnal scansorial and acrobatic species, in the ground the microwolves will catch them)
Heteromys desmarestianus (can be a tiny porcupine)
Microsciurus alfari (can be the diurnal counterpart of the Reithrodontomys)
Oryzomys couesi (a semi-aquatic herbivorous species, like a tiny nutria. It could make nests with twigs and grass near water)

What do you think?

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 21:50. Заголовок: лягушка пишет: So y..

лягушка пишет:

цитата:

So you need to use convergent livebearers from "pirates of caribbean" chapter - pike livebearer and spear-mouth as barracuda

Ok!

лягушка пишет:

цитата:

salinopoecilia affinis

I'm sorry, but what is this, I can't find it. Give me a link, please.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Perhaps a tiny schooling squid?

Good idea, but who will be the ansector?

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

What do you think?

I've made the changes in the bestiary.

I coloured in blue colour the species we need to choose or throw out.

My suggestions of species we can throw out are crossed out. Are you agree whit my choice?

But we can leave a maximum of 19 species, we need to throw out someone else, although it's a pity, I would like to leave them all. Who else from those highlighted in blue do you propose to remove from the chapter?

 Отправлено: 01.04.23 22:22. Заголовок: wovoka пишет: Good ..

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

Good idea, but who will be the ansector?

The Octopoteuthis danae, which already have photophores. The common name could be firefly squid, because it's small and luminous.

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

But we can leave a maximum of 19 species, we need to throw out someone else, although it's a pity, I would like to leave them all. Who else from those highlighted in blue do you propose to remove from the chapter?

Eneoptera surinamensis (we already have one Orthoptera with the Stilpnochlora). Maybe Marmosa mexicana, Transandinomys talamancae (we already have other two "herd" animals, besides Peromyscus could be the one moving like a rabbit, it would turn them more in a tiny deer), Megasoma elephas and Limax maximus. I'm very reluctant of removing these though, they are very interesting species.

 Отправлено: 02.04.23 08:20. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: The..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

The Octopoteuthis danae, which already have photophores. The common name could be firefly squid, because it's small and luminous.

Cool!


I have such idea how to save more biodiversity in chapter.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Eneoptera surinamensis

I would better left it. It's more terrestrial than grasshopper.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Marmosa mexicana

I wanted to have marsupial species in the chapter. Don't forget, we can make subspecies.
We can make marsupial tiny bear ( it
can form mounds in the ground that protect the entrance of their tunnels like tiny fortress), And marsupial tiny panda living in little groups of one male and some females instead of
Zygodontomys brevicauda. Let's cross out it.
Microvolves will eat micropandas too, and fight with microbears.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

), Megasoma elephas and Limax maximus. I'm

I want to make some delicacies for microwolves. Today they adore eating bugs. That is for megasoma. And limax maximus will the most delicious diet.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Transandinomys talamanca (could live in herds and move like a rabbit)

they would be tiny rabbits living in holes, eating grass, seeds and roots instead of Oligoryzomys fulvescens and Reithrodontomys mexicanus. Let's cross out these two last species.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Peromyscus mexicanus (could live in groups like the guinea pig and maybe have tiny horns like the Ceratogaulus)

Will better make them herd quick tiny horny deers with little horns on the head.

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Orthogeomys cavator (maybe could form mounds in the ground that protect the entrance of their tunnels like tiny fortress)

Let's better change them by marsupial tiny bears.
Let's cross out Orthogeomys cavator?

We can still use the crossed out species in the chapter about astrapotherium like pecarry living in the rainy forrest of Panama on the coast of Carribbean sea and up north to the Mexican southern forests.

 Отправлено: 02.04.23 14:28. Заголовок: wovoka пишет: I hav..

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

I have such idea how to save more biodiversity in chapter.

Ok! Do you think that the bats could hunt these tiny squids? They would be small, with 10 to 15 cm.

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

I would better left it. It's more terrestrial than grasshopper.

Ok!

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

I wanted to have marsupial species in the chapter. Don't forget, we can make subspecies. We can make marsupial tiny bear ( it can form mounds in the ground that protect the entrance of their tunnels like tiny fortress), And marsupial tiny panda living in little groups of one male and some females instead of Zygodontomys brevicauda. Let's cross out it. Microvolves will eat micropandas too, and fight with microbears.

Then one subspecies will be more carnivorous, while the other would have preference for plants.

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

I want to make some delicacies for microwolves. Today they adore eating bugs. That is for megasoma. And limax maximus will the most delicious diet.

Ok!

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

they would be tiny rabbits living in holes, eating grass, seeds and roots instead of Oligoryzomys fulvescens and Reithrodontomys mexicanus. Let's cross out these two last species.

I agree.

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

We can still use the crossed out species in the chapter about astrapotherium like pecarry living in the rainy forrest of Panama on the coast of Carribbean sea and up north to the Mexican southern forests.

In this chapter we could mention the impact of the peccaries in the small species of these forests.

 Отправлено: 02.04.23 16:04. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: Ok!..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Ok! Do you think that the bats could hunt these tiny squids? They would be small, with 10 to 15 cm.

I'm sure!

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

Then one subspecies will be more carnivorous, while the other would have preference for plants.

Yes, this was my main idea!

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

In this chapter we could mention the impact of the peccaries in the small species of these forests.

For example peccary manure can become a habitat for earthworms and some other species that eat it and become food for insectivorous rodents and birds, as in the African chapter 58. Workers of decomposition, also insectivorous birds can eat parasites of pecarry. What the other impact do you mean?

 Отправлено: 02.04.23 18:42. Заголовок: wovoka пишет: What ..

wovoka пишет:

цитата:

What the other impact do you mean?

I thought that they could leave trails in the forest and their passage would disrupt the small animals living in the forest floor.

 Отправлено: 02.04.23 20:58. Заголовок: JOrnitho пишет: I t..

JOrnitho пишет:

цитата:

I thought that they could leave trails in the forest and their passage would disrupt the small animals living in the forest floor.

I think there can be other forms of impact: the trails will be overgrown with specific vegetation: grass, shrubs (may be with berries). Large animals can create fringes in the forest. Perhaps we do not take into account some other important forms of impact of big animals in the forest on small animals.